The predisposition of women is explained by a cyclical increase in the extent of the vein walls and softening valves with an increase in the concentration of the progesterone hormone.
Reasons:
Primary factors of varicose veins are hereditary weakness of the vascular wall.Weight;
Reception of drugs containing estrogen.
- The risk of vein varicose veins from the lower extremities increases with age.But more and more patients are less than 30 years old.
- Varicose veins:
- Most of the time, with varicose veins, patients are concerned about the feeling of gravity, repulsion, heat, skin itching, “anxiety” in the legs and painful pain in the calf muscles.One feature of these signs is their appearance after a prolonged position.As a rule, unpleasant sensations are completely passing or their intensity is significantly reduced when walking, in a lying position, after a night of rest or using medical compression products.
- An important sign of the disease is colic in the calf muscles, usually occurring at night.
Subcutaneous veins are expanding in the form of convincing blue conglomerates along the leg and thigh.Unfortunately, there is an opinion that vascular stars are a manifestation of varicose veins.But it is worth noting that this is not an absolute sign of the disease and, in many ways, a purely cosmetic problem.Such signs may be on the skin with varicose veins, but most of the time they are also found in healthy people.
Manifestações de varizes:
Na maioria das vezes, com varizes, os pacientes estão preocupados com a sensação de gravidade, repulsa, calor, coceira da pele, “ansiedade” nas pernas e dor dolorida e pulsante nos músculos da panturrilha. Uma característica desses sinais é sua aparência após uma posição prolongada. Como regra, as sensações desagradáveis estão passando completamente ou sua intensidade é significativamente reduzida ao caminhar, em uma posição deitada, após uma noite de descanso ou ao usar produtos de compressão médica.
Um sinal importante da doença são as cólicas nos músculos da panturrilha, geralmente ocorrendo à noite.
As veias subcutâneas estão se expandindo na forma de conglomerados azuis convincentes ao longo da perna e da coxa. Infelizmente, há uma opinião de que as estrelas vasculares são uma manifestação de varizes. Mas vale a pena notar que este não é um sinal absoluto da doença e, em muitos aspectos, um problema puramente cosmético. Tais sinais podem estar na pele com varizes, mas na maioria das vezes também são encontrados em pessoas saudáveis.
As varicose veins develop, the violations of the skin of the leg skin develop.Initially, there are excess color areas, a little subcutaneous tissue and posterior skin is compacted, the latter acquires a characteristic "laid" appearance.In the center of the painted area of the skin, in response to a minimal lesion, a small white area appears, looking subtle to Starin.This is white skin atrophy and so called, after which a trophic ulcer opens.
Skin skin violation is a sign of chronic venous deficiency, which also includes symmetrical edema in the legs.
Diagnosis:
Ultrasound (Triple Duplex Sweeping; Triple Sweeping) - “Standard” in the diagnosis of vein veins from the lower extremities.An ultrasound expert must necessarily examine the leg vessels on both sides.It evaluates its diameter, compressibility, characteristics of blood flow and reflux value (reverse blood flow).VA valve work assessment is performed not only in the patient's position while lying down, but also standing.
Contrast -x radius and contrast phlebography were previously considered the main methods of instrumental varicose veins, but currently remained far in the past.
Treatment of veins from the lower extremities:
The same symptoms may be signs of various diseases, and the disease may not occur according to the book.Do not try to be treated - Consult your doctor
Modern varicose veins includes surgical intervention, sclerotherapy, compression treatment and use of various medications.
Operation
Surgical treatment is the only method to safely improve quality of life, reduce the risks of complications and the likelihood of disease relapse.It consists of removing varicose veins and eliminating pathological reverse currents.There are 2 types of interventions:
- Thermal prison is a minimally invasive (nonsense) treatment method, which consists of “adhesion” of the vein from within with a laser or radio frequency sensor.
- Traditional surgical intervention involves the excision of varicose veins.Currently, the technique of such interventions is sufficiently elaborated and allows you to obtain a good functional and cosmetic result.
Considering sclerotherapy separately as a method of surgical treatment.Successfully complements and, in some cases (the early stages of varicose veins) replaces surgery.The procedure is the introduction of a special medicine into a varicose vein that places it inside.
Varicose Varicose Compression Treatment
Elastic bandages: Pros and cons compression therapy is a mandatory component of any varicose vein treatment method and the most effective method to prevent it.
For compression treatment, elastic bandages are more used, depending on the degree of stretching, they are divided into three classes:
Short (not exceeding 70 % of initial size),
- Stretching in the 70 to 140 % range),
- Long Extensibility (140 % and higher).
- Classes are required indicated in the packaging of the dressing and are the characteristics necessary for the correct choice of the product.
It is advisable to use long extensibility bandages in the nearest post -operative period, in order to interrupt blood and reliable dressing.To ensure the ideal therapeutic compression regime, short and medium extensibility bandages are more appropriate.
É aconselhável usar bandagens de longa extensibilidade no período pós -operatório mais próximo, a fim de interromper o sangue e a fixação confiável do curativo. Para garantir o regime ideal de compressão terapêutica, as bandagens de extensibilidade curta e média são mais adequadas.
When using an elastic bandage, the following rules should be followed:
- The dressing is applied, pre -marking the foot "in itself", to avoid the formation of folds in the ankle area, which can damage the skin when moving.
- Binte always begins in the fingertips of the foot and captures the heel.diverted while in the vicinity of the skin.
- Modeling the member's cylindrical profile is achieved by placing the foam or latex pillows.
- Most varicose veins should use an elastic bandage throughout the day, applying it in the morning before leaving the bed and taking off at night before rest at night.For the treatment of trophic ulcers, multi -layer compression bandages can be used that are not removed for a long time, while directly with the affected area of the leg skin, bandages impregnated with drug substances (dimensional zinc, zinc oxygen, etc.).The additional fixation of compression bandages is performed using special sticky bandages.
- Despite high efficiency, compression treatment with elastic bandages has obvious disadvantages - causing physical and aesthetic inconvenients, and it is very difficult for older people to stand out, observing all rules.
A maioria dos pacientes com varizes deve usar um curativo elástico ao longo do dia, aplicando -o de manhã antes de sair da cama e decolar à noite antes do descanso à noite. Para o tratamento de úlceras tróficas, bandagens de compressão de várias camadas podem ser usadas que não são removidas por um longo tempo, enquanto diretamente com a área afetada da pele da perna, bandagens impregnadas de substâncias medicamentosas (dimensional de zinco, oxigênio de zinco, etc.). A fixação adicional de bandagens de compressão é realizada usando bandagens pegajosas especiais.
Apesar da alta eficiência, o tratamento de compressão com bandagens elásticas tem desvantagens óbvias - causando inconvenientes físicos e estéticos, além disso, é muito difícil para as pessoas mais velhas se destacarem, observando todas as regras.
Compression Mesh
Special compression meshes gain wide popularity.It is represented by socks in the lower, medium and higher thighs, as well as tight pants (including special pants for pregnant women) of four compression classes.
Such meshes are made of cotton, natural rubber - elastan and synthetic rubber.Natural fibers are ideal for sensitive and affected (eczema varicosis, dermatitis, trophic disorders) of the skin.As for synthetic fibers, its advantages are a small diameter and variety of colors that allow a medical mesh with high aesthetic properties.
Drug Therapy of varicose veins
The main objectives of drug therapy are the elimination of subjective symptoms of venous insufficiency as well as the prevention and reduction of the gravity of collateral effects after surgical interventions.properties.They should be taken only under the control of the assistant doctor.According to research, the safety of the use of such drugs was proven only for short therapy courses.In case of more long use, it is possible to seem not serious, but unpleasant side effects, for example, gastrointestinal disorders.
Os principais preparativos para o tratamento de varizes são medicamentos semelhantes em suas propriedades. Eles devem ser levados apenas sob o controle do médico assistente. Segundo a pesquisa, a segurança do uso de tais medicamentos foi comprovada apenas para cursos de terapia de curta duração. Em caso de uso em termos mais longos, é possível parecer não grave, mas efeitos colaterais desagradáveis, por exemplo, distúrbios gastrointestinais.
Generally, a week after the beginning of its reception, a positive dynamic appears: night cramps, pain, passage of gravity, swelling.The minimum duration of the course is believed to be at least 2 months.In serious forms of varicose veins, taking the medicine can be continued up to six months or more.
Ointments and gels
The simplicity of use and the relative ratio of ointments and gels make them very popular among patients and doctors.Serious disadvantage of uncontrolled use of local medications is a high frequency of skin complications in the form of peeling, dermatitis and eczema caused by increased sensitivity with prolonged use of the same remedy.
Therefore, it is not extremely recommended to use local medications (ointments, gels, cream) as a prevention and in the absence of symptoms of a chronic vein disease.At the beginning of use, light skin irritation and peeling phenomenon in drug use sites are possible.
Additional therapy
In some countries, physiotherapeutic treatment methods are widespread.To combat these symptoms of varicose veins of the lower extremities such as pain and cramps in the calf muscles, you can use the electrical stimulation method of the leg muscles.Other physiotherapy methods have no evidence of the effectiveness of treatment of this disease.
Prevention of varicose veins:
Rational work and rest organization is required for all patients in varicose veins.This category of patients is not recommended for the work associated with a long stay in the standing or sitting position, raising weights and the effects of high temperature.At work and at home, they need periodic holidays with 15 to 20 degrees raised at an angle of 15 to 20 degrees (during sleep, it is recommended to raise the end of the bed of the bed above the heart level), rational nutrition, excluding the consumption of spicy and salty foods, and alcohol.Body weight should be strictly controlled, as obesity leads to disease progression.
Under elastic compression conditions, moving sports (skiing, cycling) are allowed, however, ideal conditions for venous output and muscle training from the lower ends are provided by swimming.
Nas condições de compressão elástica, são permitidos esportes móveis (esqui, ciclismo), no entanto, condições ideais para saída venosa e treinamento muscular das extremidades inferiores são fornecidas pela natação.